Anchor/winch/hawse pipe installation - help please

Cliveshep

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Ok, I'm giving up after my recent saga re: swopping anchors and I'm staying with the 15kg CQR I wound up with as it seems about the right weight for the boat, so I'm now told, (although far too heavy for me to hand-haul.)

I've bought around 100ft of 6mm chain, ok - 30 odd metres - because I have decided to bite the bullet and install an electric anchor winch, deck mounted hawse pipe bend leading to a chain locker in the bows. All pretty conventional? Well, not quite it seems.

The designated locker is right up in the bows immediately under a small fordeck. The boat is an old Broom Ocean 30 by the way. I figure that it probably works like this but this is where I need advice as I've always been a hand-haul man with 10m of heavy chain and then rope. The chain obviously goes down the hawse pipe into the locker, (I've got a heavy gauge pvc receptacle for it to keep filth contained), and the bitter end is made fast so I don't lose the lot. Here's the problem. The hawse pipe presumably faces forward to allow the chain to run out - is that correct? However, the winch and gypsy are going to be aft of both locker and hawse pipe because the area of foredeck enclosed by the chain locker below is not large enough for both a sensible bow roller and the hawse pipe above the locker and still leave room for the winch. I'm at a bit of a loss as to how to set everything out.

Clearly the hawse pipe needs to be off-set from the centre- line of the foredeck or it'll foul the line of the chain from bow roller to winch, so, the hawse pipe needs to face the winch?

However, when setting the anchor it now faces the wrong way? Or do I set the anchor with the chain around the gypsy, assuming it can free run, and leave it on the gypsy? In which case, is there a brake to check the chain and hold the weight of the boat pulling on the anchor?

Where I'm coming from is total unfamiliarity with the workings of an anchor winch or the way it is intended to be used, apart from the obvious of hauling the boat up to the anchor (I assume) and breaking the thing out and lifting it to the bow-roller. Some learned advice on use and installation would be welcomed, but NOT advice on changing the anchor type please - I've been there too many times now.

Also, as I intend to haunt the Boat Jumbles in the hope I'll find another electric winch (I didn't bother with the last I saw as had, I thought, no need for it) what cable size and how many core do I need to run up to under the winch position given a run of say 22 ft (7 m) from the battery position. I've seen wheelhouse controllers or on/off switches, whatever, for the electric winches, and gather there is also a deck controller so one can see what's happening and doesn't attempt to tear the bow off with the end of the anchor. Some input here would be useful as well as I intend to get the boat pre-wired if possible ahead of finding a winch. It's clearly better if one has to lift carpets and boards to run cables to do it when the crew and SWMBO are NOT aboard demanding food or whatever. Thanks for your help, guys.
 
I know you will get a lot of good advice on this. This link is to the Ideal Windlass site where the basics are explained:
http://www.idealwindlass.com/choosing_a_windlass.htm

The chain should stay on the windlass but should be secured between windlass and bow roller to keep the load off the windlass and to prevent any possibility of the anchor launching itself unexpectedly. There are various mechanical pawls available for this. At anchor you should use an anchor snubber - explained somewhere in this article:
http://www.saltyjohn.co.uk/resources/haphook.pdf

A couple of very important points: Make sure you have the right chain gypsy for your chain and that the chain can run unassisted from the gypsy into the anchor locker

Good luck with the project.
 
You should bear in mind that there are basically two types of anchor winch - vertical and horizontal. One has the drive shaft for the capstan / chain gypsy horizontal, the other has it vertical.

Sometimes the ones with the vertical drive shafts are called capstans, while the ones with the horizontal drive shafts are called windlasses, although I am sure that someone will now say that the terms are interchangeable.....

If you have (what I call) a windlass, the chain is pulled in by the gypsy (which is vertical) and drops through a hole in the deck (directly underneath where it comes off the gypsy) into the chain locker.

With a capstan, the gypsy is horizontal, and the chain is led horizontally to a 90 degree elbow (hawse pipe bend) to send it down into the chain locker.

Each type of winch has its merits and its disadvantages.

You generally leave the chain on the gypsy all the time - when you drop anchor, the winch might be arranged in two ways :
1) So that the gypsy can 'free run' to let the chain out quickly, or
2) The motor just operates in the reverse direction, and lowers the anchor in a controlled fashion.

As has already been noted above, just use the winch for raising and lowering the anchor. The load on the cable when at anchor should be taken by a rope snubber, made off on to the mooring bollard or cleat. The snubber can have an eye splice on the end shackled to a chain hook which simply hooks on to the chain, or the end of the rope can be tied to the chain using a rolling hitch.

Re electrical cable size, the larger the better! There will be a lot of amps flowing, and you will be looking at battery cable as a minimum. The electrical gurus will be along soon I am sure, and they can give you more comprehensive suggestions.
 
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