Scuttling

I'm pretty certain that NZ gets 200 miles.
A 200 mile limit will be an exclusive economic zone. There are three levels of jurisdiction over sea areas:
  1. Internal waters. These are waters within the "Base Line" - i.e. a line joining prominent headlands and offshore islands. In these waters, the law of the nation concerned is the only relevant legislation, unless there are rights expressed by international treaty. The vast majority of the waters we sail in are "internal waters".
  2. Territorial waters: waters up to 12 miles beyond the base line. Within these waters innocent passage (i.e. passage that begins and ends OUTSIDE the relevant territorial waters) is permitted, and much of the International Law of the Sea applies (e.g. ColRegs, MARPOL etc)
  3. Economic zones - commonly up to 200 miles from the baseline.; sometimes regarded as extending to the edge of the relevant continental shelf. Within these, the International Law of the Sea prevails, except in matters relating to fisheries and mineral extraction.
There are also sea areas where there is international agreement to restrict or regulate activities such as fisheries; I'm particularly aware of such areas in the Southern Ocean.
 
It is not an urban myth, it did happen. It was not that deep, and relatively easily recovered near the mouth of the Holy Loch. Sorry I do not know exactly where.
You will require the exact position for some people
the point being that there is far more attention given to what happens than what you might suspect especially in these times
 

Yes, really. I have just assessed 1 x drill ship in Brazil and another that was destined for Brazil. The vessels are all required to have discharge management systems in their economic waters for all drains and bilge water as well as proven water tight compartments with remote monitoring, alarm and closing of water tight doors. In addition, certain aspects of drilling gas management that could result in significant spills had to be addressed. All this was Brazil specific and not required for other regions. It wasn't always like that.
 
I think you may be referring to the Brent Spar, which was an oil storage and offloading vessel. It was clean, that is now a known fact. Greenpeace have admitted they lied about the contamination. The reason it was stopped that for some reason German consumers stopped buying Shell petrol and diesel across Germany in protest. A very power symbol of power being in the hand of the public. The losses in profit and reputation were not sustainable so the decision was made to take it to Norway. It now forms part of a harbour, as it was cut into rings and used as a wall to fill with rocks.

In the USA GOM area, former jackets (the structure that holds the platform above the sea level), are laid down side by side to create artificial reefs which have been remarkably successful as marine habitats. Brazil now has stringent bans on deepwater dumping after they had a production installation sink, which causes problems to this day.

A mixed bag around the world.
German protesters were cutting hoses on fuel pumps at filling stations. As a Shell employee I was somewhat dismayed to discover that the Brent Spar was a the first case study we had at a Stanford University summer school on how not to manage a controversy. The most environmentally friendly course was to scuttle the Brent Spar as planned, but sometimes PR trumps logic.
 
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