I wonder if there are any ports on the northern french coast that need better harbour walls? There are a few boats lined up at the entrances at the moment just ripe for sinking... /forums/images/graemlins/grin.gif
Possibly using timber piles installed with a drop hammer mounted on a floating barge to construct a watertight or near watertight coffer dam and then pumping out the water with a manual or horse driven pump
I think variations on the caisson theme have been used for a long time - see http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Caisson_(Asian_architecture) as they reckon its been used for over 2,000 years below ground and since 984 above ground. They probably didn't use the pressurised ones though and just went with the open top coffer dam style.
Oddly enough I've just finished a book about Dr Haldane who diagnosed what caused the bends that workers got when working in pressurised caissons amongst other things.