Morgan's Cloud on a Spade anchor failure and Lithium BMS

You are likely to experience 35 knot gusts when the sustained wind is only in the region of 25 knots or less. Hardly extreme conditions.

An efficient snubber is always sensible, but these do fail and your anchoring gear should not be inducing fear in these circumstances.
 
We have had severe snatch loads on our 18/19t ketch at anchor that have been dealt with by the snubber, usually.
Interesting.
Where does the energy come from do you think?

For years I just accepted the general view that boats sail about in a breeze & a snubber is needed until actually watching closely for hours in the real world & on opencpn in up to 30/35Kt gusts. Turns out the boat tacks but only moves a couple of metres over the ground so there's next to no kinetic energy to get rid of & the snubber does nothing. chain will straighten out a little bit to tack the boat then stays like that or straightens out a tiny bit more as the wind has more surface area to act on beam on. Snubber can't get rid of that force, no energy transfer involved. Every boat's different.
Still fit the snubber now and again just to keep in the habit & know instinctively how to put it on, it's a pulley system on deck so never goes in the water.
As mentioned before an island bay with big gusts coming from all directions would be completely different with the boat flying across to the other side of the hook when another big gust comes in from the opposite direction.
 
If interested in Spade failures, this is a Spade tip, the shaft was straight and not deformed.
Personal photo, not related to that site.

Personally, I have difficulties in seeing the interest in discussions about broken anchors (apart from intellectual curiosity), everything mechanical can be deformed or broken by a sufficiently high load, that includes every anchor.
Should I buy a boat with a Spade already onboard I would definitely keep it, pictures or not pictures.
View attachment 168284
That's not an anchor. It's a piece of scrap metal!
 
While in Studland anchored in 25-35 kts my snubber, 12 metres of Octoplait 20mm with a 14% stretch rate, was definely stretching. It could be seen by eye alone. It was secured to a cleat giving 9 metres length, through a fairlead to stop it rubbing the Hoyt boom base and then over an adjacent bow roller to the chain.

Works for me-we spend a lot of time on the hook.
 
While in Studland anchored in 25-35 kts my snubber, 12 metres of Octoplait 20mm with a 14% stretch rate, was definely stretching. It could be seen by eye alone. It was secured to a cleat giving 9 metres length, through a fairlead to stop it rubbing the Hoyt boom base and then over an adjacent bow roller to the chain.

Works for me-we spend a lot of time on the hook.
We never anchor without a snubber. We only anchor.
In my experience, 50-60 knots is just a stiff summer squall. 25-30 knots is ... a breezy night but ordinary.
A 30kt gust might wake me up but I probably wouldn't get out of bed.
Probably halfway between the two :)

View attachment 168351
Mine is nearly as bad as that and less than 2 years old! Anchoring full time takes it toll on terrible galvanising.
We will be back in the UK in september. We will get it regularised then if their is anything left of it!
 
While in Studland anchored in 25-35 kts my snubber, 12 metres of Octoplait 20mm with a 14% stretch rate, was definely stretching. It could be seen by eye alone. It was secured to a cleat giving 9 metres length, through a fairlead to stop it rubbing the Hoyt boom base and then over an adjacent bow roller to the chain.

Works for me-we spend a lot of time on the hook.
Similar winds my 12m of 10mm nylon will stretch maybe 20, maybe 30mm. Need to watch carefully to notice it. So hardly ever use it, chain grab welded to the deck to take the load off the windlass. 10T steel 33' steel boat. Live on the hook. Every boat is different... ⛵🌬
 
Any thread containing the word "anchor" in the title turns into a pissing contest. This is a truth universally acknowledged, like any man of good fortune being in want of a wife.
 
The thread has drifted - it matters not what you or we think - the Spade anchor bent under the conditions they described. Whether it was 20 knots or 40 knots - the shank bent, and weld failed.

In order to bend the shank and tear a weld there must have been significant impacts - so forget what you believe and take the facts at face value.

My interpretation is that the fluke held (its an excellent fluke design, (copied to build the Rocna, Vulcan and Ultra, maybe others) tenaciously. There were repetitive snatch loads but the snubber (and scope) was inadequate - and the snatch loads were impacted on the shank - which failed. The shank should not have failed, ever (or almost ever). My guess is the snatch loads were of the order of 450kg and up, enough to bend the shank one way, then the other repetitively.

At what windspeed this occurred - obviously not exceptional - this might be indicative of the need for a good snubber. It maybe they could not deploy more rode (and improve the scope) no room is the common reason. Its easy to be wise after the event - especially sitting at your keyboard - we don't know what the constraints were.

Whether you think a snubber is needed is a personal decision - the data is all available. If you use a Kobra - I would take note. If you sail a catamaran I would suggest that the supplied bridles are not adequate. If you have a plastic fantastic monohull from any of the big builders - consider a long snubber that will give elasticity (even if you are sceptical - give it a try). If you have a heavy displacement yacht with a large chain link - I have no experience - but the inertia of the hull suggests less dangers (not no dangers) from snatch loads. Never say never. Maybe try it - and then report back.

If you are in Sydney, not many of you. I have spare (30m) snubbers and bridles I can lend out for a period for anyone to try - you can then make your own decisions. I'd make the offer to anyone, anywhere - but its expensive sending rope round the world to prove a point (that does not need proven :)).

Jonathan
 
The thread has drifted - it matters not what you or we think - the Spade anchor bent under the conditions they described. Whether it was 20 knots or 40 knots - the shank bent, and weld failed.

In order to bend the shank and tear a weld there must have been significant impacts - so forget what you believe and take the facts at face value.

My interpretation is that the fluke held (its an excellent fluke design, (copied to build the Rocna, Vulcan and Ultra, maybe others) tenaciously. There were repetitive snatch loads but the snubber (and scope) was inadequate - and the snatch loads were impacted on the shank - which failed. The shank should not have failed, ever (or almost ever). My guess is the snatch loads were of the order of 450kg and up, enough to bend the shank one way, then the other repetitively.

At what windspeed this occurred - obviously not exceptional - this might be indicative of the need for a good snubber. It maybe they could not deploy more rode (and improve the scope) no room is the common reason. Its easy to be wise after the event - especially sitting at your keyboard - we don't know what the constraints were.

Whether you think a snubber is needed is a personal decision - the data is all available. If you use a Kobra - I would take note. If you sail a catamaran I would suggest that the supplied bridles are not adequate. If you have a plastic fantastic monohull from any of the big builders - consider a long snubber that will give elasticity (even if you are sceptical - give it a try). If you have a heavy displacement yacht with a large chain link - I have no experience - but the inertia of the hull suggests less dangers (not no dangers) from snatch loads. Never say never. Maybe try it - and then report back.

If you are in Sydney, not many of you. I have spare (30m) snubbers and bridles I can lend out for a period for anyone to try - you can then make your own decisions. I'd make the offer to anyone, anywhere - but its expensive sending rope round the world to prove a point (that does not need proven :)).

Jonathan
 
The thread title included Lithium. This has been lost in the verbiage. I'll summarise what was said on a new thread. It is nothing new, apparently, but offers a slightly different slant on my misunderstandings. And if I misunderstood, or did not recognise the message - others might do the same.

And apologies for post 53, I hit the wrong key and then could not correct the error - if you want to read my post in full - follow the instructions "click to expand". :)

Jonathan
 
The thread has drifted - it matters not what you or we think - the Spade anchor bent under the conditions they described. Whether it was 20 knots or 40 knots - the shank bent, and weld failed.

In order to bend the shank and tear a weld there must have been significant impacts - so forget what you believe and take the facts at face value.

My interpretation is that the fluke held (its an excellent fluke design, (copied to build the Rocna, Vulcan and Ultra, maybe others) tenaciously. There were repetitive snatch loads but the snubber (and scope) was inadequate - and the snatch loads were impacted on the shank - which failed. The shank should not have failed, ever (or almost ever). My guess is the snatch loads were of the order of 450kg and up, enough to bend the shank one way, then the other repetitively.

At what windspeed this occurred - obviously not exceptional - this might be indicative of the need for a good snubber. It maybe they could not deploy more rode (and improve the scope) no room is the common reason. Its easy to be wise after the event - especially sitting at your keyboard - we don't know what the constraints were.

Whether you think a snubber is needed is a personal decision - the data is all available. If you use a Kobra - I would take note. If you sail a catamaran I would suggest that the supplied bridles are not adequate. If you have a plastic fantastic monohull from any of the big builders - consider a long snubber that will give elasticity (even if you are sceptical - give it a try). If you have a heavy displacement yacht with a large chain link - I have no experience - but the inertia of the hull suggests less dangers (not no dangers) from snatch loads. Never say never. Maybe try it - and then report back.

If you are in Sydney, not many of you. I have spare (30m) snubbers and bridles I can lend out for a period for anyone to try - you can then make your own decisions. I'd make the offer to anyone, anywhere - but its expensive sending rope round the world to prove a point (that does not need proven :)).

Jonathan
I broke an aluminium Spade anchor in 2004. We were anchored on a rocky bottom. A 5.5 tonne boat in relatively benign conditions. The anchor got stuck under a rock. With a manual windlass we loaded up the anchor to see if it would break free. It didn't. We drove around the anchor with the engine to see if we could clear the stuck anchor. We did eventually. When the anchor came up, the shaft was split.
We were on a catamaran so the light anchor was important to us. Spade replaced the anchor under warranty. We opted for a steel replacement.
We have been using steel Spade anchors since. Some fairly testing situations over the years but never had another problem other than the terrible galvanising. Spade do not accept thst they have a problem so I would suggest you dont buy one until they do.
My 2 year old Spade anchor is very rusty. I would post photos except its in the seabed
 
I broke an aluminium Spade anchor in 2004. We were anchored on a rocky bottom. A 5.5 tonne boat in relatively benign conditions. The anchor got stuck under a rock. With a manual windlass we loaded up the anchor to see if it would break free. It didn't. We drove around the anchor with the engine to see if we could clear the stuck anchor. We did eventually. When the anchor came up, the shaft was split.
We were on a catamaran so the light anchor was important to us. Spade replaced the anchor under warranty. We opted for a steel replacement.
We have been using steel Spade anchors since. Some fairly testing situations over the years but never had another problem other than the terrible galvanising. Spade do not accept thst they have a problem so I would suggest you dont buy one until they do.
My 2 year old Spade anchor is very rusty. I would post photos except its in the seabed
Of course its rusty, if you leave it in the seabed.:LOL:

Jonathan
 
In a recent teaser MG have said that only Lithium batteries with the cells having individual BMS should be used in the marine environment, this is consistent with the advice given on Lithium threads here. However it is also said that Blue Tooth is inadequate (the last word is mine). They say that the BMS should be hard wired (the implication is that some batteries offer Blue Tooth to communicate (am I showing my total ignorance? :) ). I assume the recommended hard wiring is to displays and to Blue Tooth

However they go further and say that there should be an alarm, sufficient that it cannot be ignored, to indicate that an issue is developing and should be attended to NOW rather than have a battery shut down.

Finally they say that in the absence of these measures it should be anticipated that, marine, insurance companies will become twitchy, or attentive.

The new information for me was that communication with the BMS was via Blue Tooth not wired. I had assumed that Blue Tooth enabled batteries had hard wiring to displays and that the Blue Tooth offered another way to access the displays. This may have been my misunderstanding. The idea it was possible to anticipate and shut down and provide audio/visual warning of an impending shut down was the first time I had seen the idea aired. The article did not indicate how this warning could be achieved.


I have taken on board the absence of any ability to monitor individual cells in my 'drop in' battery. I am not going to throw it out - I'm too mean. When I am happy with my build and want to formalise and instal it - I'll buy 'off the shelf' batteries with a programmable BMS - or I'll build my own. Not entirely sure what to do with the 'Drop In' battery. Maybe by then Lithium will be old hat and we will all be clamouring for Sodium. :). My build includes a B2B charger - which I have not yet trialed. I have been charging with solar.

I have learnt from my build. 300 watts of solar is quite powerful, but maybe 500 watts would be better. A 200amp Lithium battery is too small, the 300 watt solar is often going to waste. But get 2 days of poor weather, as we have just had in Sydney, and the battery is too small. There must be a balance between total battery amps and solar watts - but I don't know what the balance is, yet - for an all electric build, cooking, water heating, desalinator, instruments.....Our inverter is far too small at 1500 watts. Again not sure what is needed but currently I'm thinking 3,000 watts.

Its a learning process and I'm pleased to be learning in a home environment - it would be difficult on a yacht - all credit to those living aboard with the accomodation dominated by a spaghetti of wires.

Jonathan
 
Of course its rusty, if you leave it in the seabed.:LOL:

Jonathan
It's an anchor. Where do you want be to put it? In my pocket😅
It was very rusty after one seasons use! Now it looks like like my friends 6 year old Rocna that leads the same cruising life.
Terrible galvanising and a pain to regalvanise🙁
 
In a recent teaser MG have said that only Lithium batteries with the cells having individual BMS should be used in the marine environment, this is consistent with the advice given on Lithium threads here. However it is also said that Blue Tooth is inadequate (the last word is mine). They say that the BMS should be hard wired (the implication is that some batteries offer Blue Tooth to communicate (am I showing my total ignorance? :) ). I assume the recommended hard wiring is to displays and to Blue Tooth

However they go further and say that there should be an alarm, sufficient that it cannot be ignored, to indicate that an issue is developing and should be attended to NOW rather than have a battery shut down.

Finally they say that in the absence of these measures it should be anticipated that, marine, insurance companies will become twitchy, or attentive.

The new information for me was that communication with the BMS was via Blue Tooth not wired. I had assumed that Blue Tooth enabled batteries had hard wiring to displays and that the Blue Tooth offered another way to access the displays. This may have been my misunderstanding. The idea it was possible to anticipate and shut down and provide audio/visual warning of an impending shut down was the first time I had seen the idea aired. The article did not indicate how this warning could be achieved.


I have taken on board the absence of any ability to monitor individual cells in my 'drop in' battery. I am not going to throw it out - I'm too mean. When I am happy with my build and want to formalise and instal it - I'll buy 'off the shelf' batteries with a programmable BMS - or I'll build my own. Not entirely sure what to do with the 'Drop In' battery. Maybe by then Lithium will be old hat and we will all be clamouring for Sodium. :). My build includes a B2B charger - which I have not yet trialed. I have been charging with solar.

I have learnt from my build. 300 watts of solar is quite powerful, but maybe 500 watts would be better. A 200amp Lithium battery is too small, the 300 watt solar is often going to waste. But get 2 days of poor weather, as we have just had in Sydney, and the battery is too small. There must be a balance between total battery amps and solar watts - but I don't know what the balance is, yet - for an all electric build, cooking, water heating, desalinator, instruments.....Our inverter is far too small at 1500 watts. Again not sure what is needed but currently I'm thinking 3,000 watts.

Its a learning process and I'm pleased to be learning in a home environment - it would be difficult on a yacht - all credit to those living aboard with the accomodation dominated by a spaghetti of wires.

Jonathan
If it helps, we have 385Ah of lithium house bank in two batteries at 24v. Equivalent to 770Ah at 12v. 3000w low frequency inverter. 920w of solar. 2000w induction hob. The large capacity battery gives us the ability to deal with cloudy conditions for few days and still cook on the induction hob
If you build a system, you should seriously consider a 24v system. BMS are rated in amps. So a 200A BMS used on a 24v system will handle twice the watts of the same BMS used in a 12v system.
Each of my lithium batteries uses a 200A BMS that is lightly loaded due the fact that we run both batteries in parallel. The weak link is the mosfets in this kind of BMS so the kinder I can be to them, the better.
If we had to run on a single battery due to a BMS failure, we can still run everything at full load. The 3000w inverter is equiped with a 150A blue sea breaker. Nowhere near the current handling capacity of the single BMS. The 3000w inverter will handle 6000w for short duration.

The recommendation to hardwire alarms is just that. Not an ABYC requirement just a recommendation.
You need to understand that that standard and the ISO also covers other more volatile lithium chemistries than the lifepo4 chemistry used by the vast majority, in boats. I would certainly want far more control of my batteries if I knew they could enter thermal runaway and start a fire that I couldn't put out
 
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We were on a catamaran so the light anchor was important to us. Spade replaced the anchor under warranty. We opted for a steel replacement.
We have been using steel Spade anchors since. Some fairly testing situations over the years but never had another problem other than the terrible galvanising. Spade do not accept thst they have a problem so I would suggest you dont buy one until they do.
I think you made the right decision switching materials.

Any anchor will bend in the wrong circumstances, but a steel Spade is one of the strongest anchors. The aluminium version, while it looks similar, is one of the weakest anchors.

To their credit, Spade advise that the aluminium version should not be used as a primary anchor, presumably for this reason, although the poorer performance of the aluminium version may also play a role in this advice.

For example see here:
Spade Anchor - Aluminium A Series

Spade Quote: "Aluminium version not recommended for use as a primary anchor"
 
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