ColRegs - Vessels under oars?

LittleSister

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When I was a nipper in the Sea Cadets (1960s), I was taught 'steam gives way to sail, sail gives way to oars'. However, as far as I can see the ColRegs provide no guidance as to how vessels under oars should be treated. As one who sails, motors, rows (dinghies) and paddles (sea kayaks and Canadian canoes), I would appreciate the Forum's combined wisdom on the matter, particularly in respect of crossing situations.

Although vessels under oars fall within the general definition of vessels, and are specifically mentioned in Reg25 as to the lights they display, I can find no explicit reference to them elsewhere. Though the overtaking rule (Reg 13) applies to them (whether being overtaken or, rare as it is, overtaking), the head on, crossing and sailing vessel rules (Regs 12, 14, 15) do not, and they do not feature in the hierarchy of vessels in Reg 18.

Personally, I always try to keep clear or give way to vessels under oars when I am motoring or sailing, on the basis that this is both polite and sensible; then change hats and assume 'might is right' and try to keep clear of anything bigger and faster than me when I am under oars (or paddles). However, the latter isn't always possible, e.g on sea crossing in a kayak.

A particular bugbear last year was always having to row past the entrance to a busy marina to reach my mooring. The marina occupiers, with a few honorable exceptions, always seemed to think that my relatively sedate progress across their urgent path to sea or back to base didn't merit the slightest alteration of course or speed. Having had some uncomfortably close shaves (and in at least one case an earful of abuse), I often wondered what the 'official' situation was, both to try to avoid conflict and should there ever be an accident.

Yesterday out for a paddle in a canoe had near miss and one actual collision (received no damage and an apology) with motorboats who suddenly veered out of the channel in our direction. Collision regulations wouldn't have avoided those situations (though common sense on the part of their helmsmen might have!), but in the event of an accident and perhaps insurance claim, where would anyone stand?
 
Dunno but would be interested to find out. As part of my green initiative, I'm rowing far more these days, in a mobo infested river. They generally seem to keep out of the way and to give way to small rowed dinghys but this may just be a local thing.
 
Not IRPCS, but the Port of London Authority (which has a LOT of rowing boats on its patch) publishes a Rowing Guide. In this, there is a section on IRPCS and after each rule, in bold type, are the words "For the purpose of these rules, rowing boats must act as power-driven vessels".
 
I have always learned that oars must give way to sail. I believe the logic behind it is that it is more easy for a rowing boat to change course.
 
I have always assumed they are powered vessels - albeit poorly - but I generally keep out of thier way. They are usually being overtaken so often no probs!!
 
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I have always assumed they are powered vessels - albeit poorly - but I generally keep out of thier way. They are usually being overtaken so often no probs!!

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Motoring out of Hendaye in our Prout cat, we were overhauled and left for dead by a guy in a kayak. Got to have been doing 8 knots.
 
Seconded, we also regard them as governed by power rules. But also that they are generally slow and cannot get out of way easily.
We always slow down to avoid swamping them and where possible give them wide berth to not hinder. As many being rowed are with rowers back to direction of travel, they often have difficulty keeping a good eye out whats ahead.
 
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I have always assumed they are powered vessels

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That is a dangerous assumption should it ever go to law as Rule 3 (b) quite clearly defines a power driven vessel as being "propelled by machinery".
Unless you can prove a human being to be a machine the lawyers might have some fun with this.
 
I think it is fairly and squarely a vessel propelled my machinery. The logic goes like this:


1) An oar is a lever
2) A lever is a machine

Support for this argument can be found in Basic Machines and How They Work
United States Bureau of Naval Personnel, US Navy 1971, from which this diagram is taken.
oar.jpg
 
Hum. You could probably argue that a sail is a machine as well if you tried hard enough.

Agreed that rowing is treated as a power driven vessel though as far as colregs is concerned. However the decision to enforce this is a different matter, and really depends on the circumstances (at least on my boat anyway).
 
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Hum. You could probably argue that a sail is a machine as well if you tried hard enough.


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I agree, but sailing is dealt with explicitly under COLREGS so there is no conflict between our positions.
 
When sailing on Windermere a large proportion of the trafic in the Bowness Bay area is hired row boats or day boats. It doesn't really mater what the col regs say, the drivers of the boats don't know of their existance so they get as wide a bearth as reasonable.
 
I second this. Rowing boats, especially inflatable dinghies are usually very small and uniquely vulnerable where PWCs and smaller Mobos, even dinghies with outboards are not. If I were sailing, I'd always try and steer clear of small rowed dinghies as they have very limited capacity for manoeuvre. It should always be borne in mind that its a vessel's "capacity to manoeuvre" that the colregs address when determining which vessel has right of way.
 
Try sailing on the Thames. The rowers travel at about 12 knots, facing the wrong way, and really, seriously think they own the river. It'll be worse now, after the Olympics.

One chap in a scull upbraided me for tacking: "you wouldn't zig zag like that if you were driving on the M25!"

"And you wouldn't drive facing backwards" I replied.

It seems sensible to have wing mirrors on rowing boats. One chap who rowed the entire Thames did just that, and reckoned it saved him several near-misses.

Chris
 
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When sailing on Windermere a large proportion of the trafic in the Bowness Bay area is hired row boats or day boats. It doesn't really mater what the col regs say, the drivers of the boats don't know of their existance so they get as wide a bearth as reasonable.

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I almost hate to point out -

IRPCS Rule 1
Application
(a) These rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.

Lake Windermere ?
 
At Weymouth there is special mention of the rowing ferry and that it has right of way. It might seem reasonable to put this in the almanac if it otherwise would not have right of way supporting the argument that a rowboat is a powered vessel.

I would hope that in a marina or similar a rowboat etc will keep clear of me as I have limted manouevrebility but out at sea I will keep clear of them as i can do so easily. Hardly a rule but sheer practicality.
 
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I don't have a copy of the byelaws relating to Windermere but seem to remember everyone else is supposed to give way to rowing boats.

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Extract from

Loch Lomond ByLaws

3.4 (6) Under Oars

When two boats, one of which (whether or not fitted with propelling machinery or carrying sails) is being manually propelled solely by the use of oars or paddles, and proceeding in such direction as to involve risk of collision, the boat which is not under oars or paddles shall keep out of the way of the other.


I realise that these are not IRPCS, but are certainly based on them.

Ash
 
I am not at all convinced that a vessel under oars is to be treated as a power driven vessel, nor that sailing vessels don't upset such a broad definition of machinery as to include levers.

The Regs define a 'power driven vessel' as one 'propelled by machinery'. Machinery is not defined in the Regs, and in the absence of definition the courts will usually adopt the commonly accepted meaning of a term. I would suggest 'powered by machinery' would mean engine driven to most people. Even if that were not the case, you'd struggle to come up with an interpretation of 'propelled by machinery' that includes rowing but not sailing. A sailing vessel is, by Regs definition, not using any propelling machinery.

Furthermore, a vessel under oars is specifically mentioned in the regs - it may exhibit the lights for a sailing vessel (Reg. 25). That seems inconsistent with it being treated as a power driven vessel, especially when there is specific provision for limited lights for power driven vessels of under 7m and 7 knots (Reg 23). Most vessels under oars would be under 7m and 7 knots, but they do not show those lights.

Clearly (sic) there's a lack of clarity in the Regs., and a wide variety of interpretations (and unexamined assumptions?) about how vessels under oars should be treated. I guess the lesson is, whether you're under oars yourselves, or approaching such a vessel while you're sailing or motoring, take care, because you've probably got a completely different idea to the other vessel's skipper about who's the stand on, and who's the give way vessel!
 
Windermere Byelaws

6.6 When two vessels, one of which (whether or not fitted with propelling machinery or carrying sails) is being manually propelled solely by the use of oars, are proceeding in such directions as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which is not under oars shall keep out of the way of the other.

Link to Download Page for Windermere Byelaws
 
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