In your sailing boat the tube does not usually give problems. As has been stated above. It is usually the bearing between the tube and the prop shaft ( this part is called the cutlass bearing) or the mechanism at the inboard end if the stern tube which seals the gap between the stern tube and the prop shaft ( this has several possible names including stern gland, shaft seal or stuffing box depending on the type)
Why do you wish to remove the stern tube? Is it damaged? or are you removing the engine? and what material is the stern tube made from? grp or metal? and what sizes are we talking about. If you can answer those questions then rhere are many people on this forum who could answer your initial question.
I just bought a 1985 27' Jeanneau, the report of survey suggest me to change the hose & claimp on the stern tube because it seem looking old. Cutless bearing is O.K propeller shaft dia. 22mm. bronze with cutless bearing in single bronze strut.
Thank you all those your answer my question.
You'll need to remove the shaft to replace the neoprene tube. You can get the whole fitting from someone like Vetus or C & O Engineering in Newton Abbot, devon, Bought mine from there last year, about £30.