Dunno the mathematical formula, but pitch is the distance forwards the propellor would theoretically screw itself during one full rotation, and is calculated from the average angle of the blade between its broadest point and tip. Hope that helps!
Otherwise its usually marked somehwere on the propellor - look for a stamped mark 14 x ?? The first is the diameter, the second the pitch. This may be on the hub, or on the front or back face of the hub. Occasionally its stamped on a blade, so a bit of detective work is needed to find it!