Great Circle routes

Below -40C icing no longer an issue except consideration to supercooled rain, ie water below 0C still in liquid form, which is what got Air France 447.
....icing conditions may be experienced (in cloud) above 10,000 feet. The freezing level (0C) is c 5,000 above that.
There are met conditions which do not conform to the neat and tidy International Standard Atmosphere. Therein lie many of the 'gotchas'.
Many aviators have been 'gotcha'd.... including the crew and pax on Air France 447.

Expanding just a little on the summary of my saga above, we'd been toodling along at our assigned FL350 ( ~35,000 feet/~5 miles up ), but in thin high-altitude cirrus, so couldn't see. i.e. proper full-on IMC. I could hear from the elderly Radio Direction Finding (RDF) kit the very characteristic howls, squeals and crackling that indicate a nearby electrically-active thundercloud. Now B-I-G cumulo-nimbus cloud formation had been forecast - over 50,000 feet - and was quite typical of there and then. I well understood that one didn't mess with big Cbs.

Due to this, I told my Pilot In Command - a young and supremely confident type with well <1/10 of my hours on type - of my concerns and requested that he climb up into clear air so he/we could have a look. He ignored me.

( Edit: 'The freezing level (0C) is c 5,000 above that.' Only in the rarified air of an ISA lump of atmosphere. In such extreme Cbs, up to 35,000 feet above that. And full-on 'icing conditions' were commonly/frequently experienced by RAF and RAFG aircraft, probably FAA as well, in much lower altitude bands. That's what we had type-specific Icing Letdown Procedures which were practiced, Standards-checked, and used for real 'when ah were a lad'.

There have been lots of aircraft accidents when Pilots I/C have not taken airframe icing concerns sufficiently into their decision-making. e.g. Is this another case of 'old lessons, hard-learned', being forgotten by brash youngsters...? e.g. articles/flight-icing )

Really good aviator-pilots don't ignore suggestions of concern, whatever their origin. They listen attentively, then THINK about what was said.
 
Last edited:
I bow to the scary experiences of CBs at high altitudes. They’re pretty blooming scary are low altitudes too. At least the radar picks up most of the weather, certainly if there’s significant water content. But while you guys get to pop out of the top of the low level weather, we get to explore the inside of clouds much of the time. Thank goodness for full icing clearance. As for ISA……… she’s an inconsistent phenomenon in my experience.
 
Top