Sorry not to have called tonight, didn't get back in until 2330.
Apropos sail alegebra, I suspect (but don't know) that it comes from some long forgotten rating rule, when a whole bunch of dimensions were number crunched to come up with a rating for a boat. They probably used the lower letters for the hull measurements, so by the time they got to the rig they were well passed halfway. I seem to remember there's even a letter dimension for the length of a spinny pole.
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Howzat allow for an overlapping genoa, then?
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Greetings from late night Amaya.
Believe that the dimensions are based on horizontals and perpendiculars based on mast being perpendic. This gives plain areas for main and foretriangle and avoids the contours of sails.
The overlap refers to the area beyond the natural triangles, or more or less the mast overlap.
Don't quote me on this - it's my simple understanding.
Dunno completley, but would guess they are vestiges of old system of rig measurements- the other letters being used on rigs more complicated than the nowadays common Bermudan sloop. For example I and J are to do with foretriangle dimensions, including K being the perpendicular from the forestay through the gooseneck to the deck.
I would suspect other sails occupied other parts of the alphabet. Perhaps a student of sailing rig design could tell us.
Of course they're now are used as a statistical starting point for various handicapping systems such as PHRF