Mast Support Post

richardbrennan

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I am having ongoing problems with the mast support post on my Westerly Ocean 33.

This all started with mast panting problems following the purchase of a new and rather heavier main sail. I had the rig tuned to try and combat this but this resulted in the original mast support pillar bowing, this was a known problem on these boats and later ones had a beefier post with the diameter up from about 6 cm to about 9 cm. I had a new post made up from 9 cm tubing with the same wall diameter of 3.5 mm and had this fitted. I then think I rather encouraged the rigger to over tighten the rig resulting in the second post also bowing.

I then decided to go the whole hog and had a second new post made up, renewed the whole rig with low stretch wire, and had a back stay adjuster fitted. I also visited another identical later boat with the beefier post and took many measurements from which it was clear that the centre of the mast post was about 2 cm further forward than on my boat. The new post was made up taking this into account and this was fitted with about 2 degrees of rake which was what I was aiming for with the mast. On Thursday morning the mast was re-stepped and in the afternoon two very experienced riggers, one an ex Selden employee, set up the rig and unbelievably the post bowed again almost immediately but not as much as previously, at least so far.

Feeling sick as a parrot, after the not inconsiderable expense, does not even come close to how I felt. The riggers assured me that, although the rig was set up very hard, it was not over tensioned and I am really puzzled as to where I can go from here. I did consult a surveyor before having the second post made up, he made lots of calculations and assured me that the new post should be bullet proof!

The only thing slightly unusual is that the deck is not horizontal so there's a gap to the aft end of the support post top plate in it's natural state with the mast un-stepped, but readily comes down when the bolts are that secure the deck step to the plate below on the top of the support post, but I cannot believe this can be causing the problem. However, the bowing is also always directly aft rather than random which seems to suggest to me that there is a force at work that I am am not taking into account.

Any suggestions as what the solution may be, is it to beef up the post some more? or who might be able to advise me in the Gosport area, would be welcome. Unfortunately riggers do not appear to be that knowledgeable about what happens below deck, and surveyors seem happier checking hulls for moisture content rather than this sort of a problem which is perhaps more akin to structural engineering.

Thanking you all in advance.

Rick
 
Completely unqualified observations but. The riggers are saying that the rig is not over tensioned so everything seems to be ok above decks. If the support post is bowing it is clearly "connecting" at top and bottom, mast base and keel. It strikes me that the support post is not up to the task. Maybe you need to increase the wall thickness. Can you get someone to advise on / compare the the compression strength of the tube you are using? Stainless? Maybe consider galv steel? Best of luck, I had a similar problem with aft lowers lifting the deck and only cured it by doubling the backing plate dimensions in area and thickness over and above what the surveyor and rigger recommended.

Edit. Just re- read the comment about the gap to the aft end of the "joint" before you put the post under pressure. Maybe this is putting undue tension on the fore part of the post causing the bowing to aft? Can you shim the joint to relieve this?
 
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I was thinking similarly about the gap at the aft end causing a problem. Greater pressure on the forward side of the post could cause it to bow aft in the middle. I would be looking to remedy this in some way, maybe the post has to be cut to suit. The problem of pulling down with bolts that hold the post in place is that you are pulling the deck down as i see it. A well fitting hardwood wedge may do it but I am not too sure.
 
Quote "there's a gap to the aft end of the support post top plate in it's natural state with the mast un-stepped"
I would get rid of the gap as its possible that with the front edge contacting the post first this is causing it to bow aft.
 
Agreed. The more I think about it the more I think that this misalignment of the joint is the problem. Proof to me is that forgetting the fact that the post is bent, does it solve the mast panting problem? If it does, live with the bend or sort out the misalighnment.
 
There was a thread n this subject a while back and I said that my Fulmar that has a solid mahogany post has no problems with the rig being tightened to 25% of the wire breaking load.I would advise a wooden post instead of a metal one on that basis.
 
I'd suggest the a wooden post subjected to the extremes elucidated in this example would maybe not bend but would be under a huge amount of hidden tension.
 
Many thanks for the comments so far. It looks like the gap is a possible contender for the problem, but the other Ocean 33 I looked at did not have a shim of any sort and I am pretty sure the original post was flat rather than angled at the top. As far as the panting goes, we have not had the opportunity to test this. The sails are currently off the boat and in any case you need to be beating into the renowned Solent Chop or similar for this manifest itself. However, the rig is certainly a lot stiffer than before, my rigger tells me this wire he has used is almost as good as rod rigging. Any suggestions for an expert in these things would still be welcome.
 
I agree that the gap is most likely the problem as the column is loaded unevenly but it may also be advisable to find out what the "buckling load" is for that section of steel, steel stockholders or structural engineers should have tables.
 
I agree that the gap is most likely the problem as the column is loaded unevenly but it may also be advisable to find out what the "buckling load" is for that section of steel, steel stockholders or structural engineers should have tables.

The buckling load depends on how the ends are supported. If they are pinned (ie free to rotate) it's pi2 E I / l2. For a thin-walled tube of diameter D and wall thickness t, the second moment of area I = pi D3 t / 8 so with D = 9cm and t = 3.5mm (as per OP) that gives I = 102 cm4.

If the prop is 2m long and made of steel (E ~ 210 GPa) that gives a buckling load of 519kN, equivalent to just a shade under 53 tons.

Buckling, by the way, is an uncontrolled deflection. it isn't, in general, changed by any initial bend or by smaller deflections induced by loading. However, if the loading is significantly asymmetric, there could be a risk of localised wall buckling at much lower loads. In the circumstances the OP outlines I would not be willing to use the boat. The mast support should not be bending.
 
Another +1 for that aft gap being the cause.

My post has the top flange angled exactly as per the underside of the deck. When I first saw it (before fitting) I thought, hmm...that's odd, it's out of alignment, but when fitted it was, of course, perfect!
 
Could we have a photo of the gap?
When I bought my Fulmar I noticed that the mast step was badly bent.I asked the seller who told me it had always been like that.The boat was about 20 years old at the time and had been sailed extensively in all kinds of weather.Once on the hard I unstepped the mast and realized that Westerly hadn't finished the top of the post square but instead had left it truncated and irregular .That made the mast force the deck down and bend the mast step into a bannana shape and also sloping forward.The whole thing was built up with epoxy,glass and some stainless steel plates before being relaminated from above.A metal post would probably have bent but the wooden post never showed any signs of stress.
With a Westerly one never knows what's lurking under the fiberglass.
 
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The buckling load depends on how the ends are supported. If they are pinned (ie free to rotate) it's pi2 E I / l2. For a thin-walled tube of diameter D and wall thickness t, the second moment of area I = pi D3 t / 8 so with D = 9cm and t = 3.5mm (as per OP) that gives I = 102 cm4.

If the prop is 2m long and made of steel (E ~ 210 GPa) that gives a buckling load of 519kN, equivalent to just a shade under 53 tons.

Buckling, by the way, is an uncontrolled deflection. it isn't, in general, changed by any initial bend or by smaller deflections induced by loading. However, if the loading is significantly asymmetric, there could be a risk of localised wall buckling at much lower loads. In the circumstances the OP outlines I would not be willing to use the boat. The mast support should not be bending.

Your calcs indicate the strength of the support post is well in excess of the rig load so, for some reason, it must be loaded unevenly either because of the gap or, it's not centered/aligned properly under the load.
 
Your calcs indicate the strength of the support post is well in excess of the rig load so, for some reason, it must be loaded unevenly either because of the gap or, it's not centered/aligned properly under the load.

I agree. It isn't buckling (it's a failure mode - something is either buckled or isn't) but it shouldn't be bending. It may take the bending without damage, but an off-centre load high enough to cause that bending may well be high enough to collapse the wall at one side at an end, and that would start an overall failure.

It is not a satisfactory situation and may well be a dangerous one.
 
I agree. And I think the basic problem may well be with the uneven bearing surfaces at the end(s) of the support post.

It is also well to remember that support posts -- often called 'compression' posts -- can also occasionally act in tension, and that allowance needs to be made for that in their end fastenings. The best support posts I have seen have been GI pipes, threaded at each end and screwed into appropriate fittings bolted on to mast step and deckhead.

Mike
 
Don't know if he's still in business but we had our Berwick re-rigged by an ex Westerly guy, Ian Cochrane, based somewhere around the Solent. He had lots of Westerly rig records and very extensive knowledge. May be worth trying him for advice. Also, what about the WOA, are you a member? They have extensive member support.
 
I find this whole thing very weird.There's nothing particularly difficult in a compression post.It would really help to have a few images.
 
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Thank you all for your help and advice. The consensus view would seem to be that it's the tapering gap between the deck and the top plate that is causing the problem, this is also the view of one of my neighbours in the marina who turns out to be a structural engineer, and the surveyor who looked at the problem for me. I am sorry not to post pictures but the whole thing is surround by the headlining panels and a side view, which is what would be needed, is impossible.

I am now left with deciding how to fix the problem. My surveyor has suggested "resin chocking" but it seems to me this more or less has to poured into a mould so would be almost impossible to do. My own thoughts would be a hardwood chock, assuming that would be man enough, or whether it might be possible to get the top plate welded on at and angle. All views and alternatives gratefully received.
 
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