I doubt it very much. They are vulcanised together in the manufacturing process when the rubber is cured, producing a very strong bond. If anyone knows a glue that strong I would love to have some.
some sikaflex elastomer products for construction, e.g. At-Metal, have shear and tensile strengths in the range 2 to 10 N/mmsq. Over an engine mount face of 50mm by 100mm, that is quite a useful lot of Newtons, and I'm sure Sika will have details of a more specific product to bond metal to rubber.
I've seen tractor cabs mounted on resilient blocks with a definite glue line, but what it is - no idea.
aha ! Some feedback from Sikaflex, which progresses the solution.
"bonding of rubber is always problematical ...and particularly so in a situation where continual vibration is likely to occur. I cannot recommend an adhesive but can only suggest a trial be carried out using Sikaflex products such as 252 / 221 .I am sorry i cannot be more helpful."
I did this a few years ago when we had a motorboat. The engine was a big volvo petrol. One of the mounts needed attention. The motor had to come out anyway for some other work. The metal base had a conical shaped spigot the the rubber section sat on, with a corresponding recess.
I cleaned everything up and used a polyurethane windscreen adhesive. I left overnight to let it cure fully. Trying to pull the thing apart by hand was impossible.
The joint would always be in compression and had the shaped spigot holding everything central. So I thought it should be ok. As far as I know its still going strong 7 years later.
Basically you need something that sticks like **** to a blanket and a bucket full of luck. The shear forces will be your greatest concern.
I have used a 3M 2216 B/A product in aircraft construction. It is available in 2 tube form, and is a 2 pack epoxy, suitable for a vibration environment, with good bonding properties for Rubber and Steel.